Author Archives: Rocio Gallegos, MD

First Step Toward Novel Treatments to Repair and Regenerate Teeth Through Stem Cells

Organoids have now been created from stem cells to secrete the proteins that form dental enamel, the substance that protects teeth from damage and decay. A multi-disciplinary team of scientists from the University of Washington in Seattle led this effort. Enamel is made during tooth formation by specialized cells called ameloblasts. When tooth formation is […]

How a Newly Discovered Gene, NEK1, Has Been Linked to ALS Cases

ALS is a devastating neurodegenerative disease in which the upper and lower motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord dysfunction and die. It results in the loss of voluntary muscle movement, which leads to paralysis and eventual death. Northwestern Medicine scientists have discovered for the first time how a mutated gene disrupts the function […]

Potential New Therapeutic Target for Inflammatory Diseases Such as Lupus and Sepsis

Scientists have found that an enzyme called Fumarate Hydratase is repressed in macrophages, a frontline inflammatory cell type implicated in a range of diseases including Lupus, Arthritis, Sepsis and COVID-19. Professor Luke O’Neill, says: “No-one has made a link from Fumarate Hydratase to inflammatory macrophages before and we feel that this process might be targetable […]

Potential New Source of Genetic Mutations That Cause Neurodegenerative Disease

Scientists have discovered an additional potential cause of the genetic mutations that result in rare conditions such as Huntington’s disease (HD). The neurodegenerative diseases usually are inherited, given that the expansion of CAG repeats in a gene can be passed down the generations. Previously, it had been thought the damage in these genetic diseases was […]

New Insights into Hearing Regeneration

A deaf adult cannot recover the ability to hear, because the sensory hearing cells of the inner ear don’t regenerate after damage. In two new studies, scientists explain why this is the case and how we might be able to change it. “In the non-sensory supporting cells of the inner ear, key genes required for […]

Fasting Can Help You Lose Weight, but You Might Gain It Back Quickly

Water fasts — where people consume nothing but water for several days — might help you lose weight, but it’s unclear how long you’ll keep it off, according to research from the University of Illinois Chicago. And the other metabolic benefits of water fasts, such as lower blood pressure and improved cholesterol, seem to disappear […]

Immunotherapy to Help Remove Brain Cancer

Glioblastoma, the most common and deadly form of brain cancer, grows rapidly to invade and destroy healthy brain tissue. The tumor sends out cancerous tendrils into the brain that make surgical tumor removal extremely difficult or impossible. Now, scientists have found the immunotherapy treatment anti-CTLA-4 leads to considerably greater survival of mice with glioblastoma. Furthermore, […]

Marijuana and E-Cigs Can Harm the Heart Like Traditional Cigarettes

E-cigarettes and marijuana have similar harmful effects on the heart as tobacco cigarettes, opening the door to abnormal heart rhythms, reports a team of researchers at UC San Francisco. “We found that cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and marijuana greatly interfere with the electrical activity, structure, and neural regulation of the heart,” said lead author Huiliang Qiu, MD, […]

New Links Between Long-Term Artificial Sweetener Intake and Increased Body Fat Adipose Tissue Volume

Over 20 years, a new research team examined people’s regular dietary intake, paying particular attention to non-nutritive sweeteners commonly found in artificial sweeteners. They found that long-term consumption of aspartame, saccharin and diet beverages were linked to increased fat stores in the abdomen and fat within muscle.  “This study showed that habitual, long-term intake of […]

New Insights into COVID-19: Why Coronaviruses Are So Good at Jumping from Species to Species

COVID-19 has killed almost 7 million people around the world. Thankfully, the availability of vaccines and the increase in population immunity means that the virus is no longer the threat it once was to most people. With the expiration of the United States’ official Public Health Emergency in May, most Americans have largely returned to […]